| Abstract |
Background. The article analyzes the English language regarding the use of conceptual metaphors at the level of sentences. Sytem studying of English sentence’s patterns being the core of statements on actual situations and metaphors used in those sentences is necessary for understanding, on the one hand, the mechanisms of conceptualization and linguistic representation of the experience, and, on the other hand, the system of English concepts.
Materials and methods. The study considered examples of simple sentences taken from English texts of different genres, and, in addition to basic research methods, applied the methods of cognitive (conceptual) modeling, propositional and conceptual analysis.
Results. The metaphor is considered as a tool for conceptualizing physical and abstract fragments of the world and as a factor determining the structure of statements about this or that fragment of the world. The study has revealed a mechanism of metaphorical conceptualization of situations: sources and targets of metaphorical projection, directions of metaphorical transfer, reasons for the transfer and restrictions on the metaphorical projection.
Conclusions. The metaphorical transfer is manifested at the level of statement’s syntactic structure. This transfer is a projection of the propositional model of a certain type to a certain area of experience and, as a consequence, the situation of a certain ontological type represented as a different type of situation. Both abstract and concrete situations may receive metaphorical interpretation, and conceptualization of abstract situations is inherently metaphorical. Metaphoric conceptualization of abstract situations is supported by ontological metaphors, and statements on abstract situations may reflect several types and layers of conceptual metaphor. Metaphorical interpretation of the situation involves several types of regular mappings between the source and the target domains. It is based on the similarity of source-situation and target-situation and can occur only if the generic structures of the situations are compatible.
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